Process of extracting volatile ingredients from powdered or granulated material.



Sept. 5, 1925.

G. A. BRQNDER' PROCESS OF EKTRAGTING VOLA'IIL E INGREDIENTS FROM POWDERED'DR GRANULATED MATERIAL 1921 3 Sheets-Shem.

E TOR aim/ firm/110% Filed Dec.

ATTORNEY G. A. BRONDER PROCESS OF EKTRAGTING VOLATILE INGREDIENTS Sept. 8, 1925.

FROM POWDERED OR GRANULATED MATERIAL 29 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed De c.

MA NW mm N mm mw a INVENTOR ATTORNEY I m. .1 @mnrz E r r m F Fatented Sept. 8, 1925.

auras STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GASTON A. BRONDER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB OF ONE-HALF TO THOMAS CUSTIGAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; LUCIA R. BRONDER ADMINISTBATRIX OF THE ESTATE OF SAID GASTON A. BRONDER, DECEASED.

PROCESS OF EXTBACTING VOLA'IILE INGREDIENTS FROM; POWDERED 0R GRANULATED MATERIAL.

Application flied December 28, 1921. Serial 1T0. 525,796.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GASTON A. BBONDER, citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in a Process of Extracting Volatile Ingredients from Powdered or Granulated Material, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a process of extracting volatile ingredients from powdered or granulated material containing volatile maiter. The invention relates specifically to a process of extracting the volatile ingredients from powdered or granulated shale and condensing the vapors generated to roduce oil.

The object of the invention comprises steps to extract the volatile ingredients from material like powderedshale, or other material by means of heat. A second object of the invention is to continuously and consecutively impart heat to all the particles of a powdered or granulated material. A third object is to heat the material gradually and also to preheat the material. A fourth object of the invention is to condense the eondensable portions of the vapors generated, during the heating of the particles of material, and producing oil. A fifth object is to dispose of the refuse of the material treated. Other objects will appear in the following specification and claims.

An exemplification of apparatus to carry out the steps of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, and is similar to the apparatus shown and described in my application for a vapor extractor filed- August 13, 1921, Serial Number 491,959, and of which Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of a pair of rr-torts with their appurtenances; Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of Fig. l on the line 2, 2; Fig. 3 indicates a top plan view of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 indicates an enlarged section of Fig 3 on the line 4, 4; Fig. 5 shows a section of Fig. 4 on the line 5, 5; Fig. 6 represents an enlarged fragmentary top plan view of the of the apparatus and Fig. f

tion of Fig. (ion the line 7 7 with its acgle iron 29 connects the Vertical angle irons I 21 and 28. A lower cross angle iron 30 connects the vertical angle irons 22 and 27. A lower cross angle iron 31 connects the vertical angle irons 23 and26. A lower cross angle iron 32 connects the vertical angle irons 24 and 25. A longitudinal angle iron 35 connects the upper ends of the vertical angleirons 27 and 28. At one of the outer ends of the cross angle irons 29 and 30 are respectively fastened the vertical angleirons 36 and 37. To the upper ends of the vertical angle irons 36 and 37 is fastened the outer longitudinal angle iron 38. To the upper ends of the vertical angle irons 21 and 22 is fastened the upper longitudinal angle iron 39. An upper cross and 39. An upper cross angle iron 41 is [7c angle iron 40 connects the angle irons 38 fastened to the vertical angle irons 22, 27

and 37. A longitudinal angle iron 42 connects the angle irons 25 and 26, A longitudinal angle iron 43 connects the vertical angle irons 23 and 24. An upper cross angle iron 44 connects the vertical angle irons 24 and 25 and an upper cross. angle iron 45 connects the vertical angle irons 23 and 26. An intermediate longitudnal angle I iron 46 connects the vertical angle irons 25, 26, 27 and 28 and an intermediate longitudinal angle iron 47 connects the vertical angle irons 21, 22, 23 and 24. A cross angle iron 50 and a cross angle iron 51 connect I the vertical angle irons 23 and 26. A cross angle iron 52 and a cross angle iron 53 connect the vertical angle irons 22 and 27.

A vapor extractor retort designated in its entirety by the letter A, is supported upon and fastened to the cross angle irons 50 and 52. A second vapor extractor retort like A is designated in its entirety by the letter B and is supported upon and toned to the crossangle irons 51 and Q nssaeso The retort A is llOX-Sl'lliPGd and comprises the, U shaped upper member with the flangesfil. The member 60 is connected at its ends to the similar end heads 62 and 63. An inlet opening is formed in the head 63 and :inoutlct opening 35 is formed in the head 62' A U-shaped bottom member 66 has formed therewith the flanges 67. End heads 59 and 70 are connected to the U shaped member 66. A separating "plate 71 is located between the flanges 61 and 87, and div des the retort into the vaporizing chamber A and the heating chamber A. Packing strips 68 preferably of asbestos are located between the flanges 61 and the plate 71. Reinforcing strips 73 are placed upon the flanges 61vand reinforcing strips 7 1 bear up against the flanges 67. Clamping bolts 75 clamp together the flanges 61 and 67 and their appurtenances. Angle irons 76 and '4'7 are fastened-to the center plate 71 end the headset endflO; Guide blocks 78 are located upon and fastened to the centre plate 71 and the angle iron 16, Guide blocks 79 are located upon and fastened to the centre plate'71 and the 9. le irons 77. An adjusting angle iron 80 is astened to the head 63 and to the block 79 and an angle iron 81 is fastened to the block 78. To the inner side faces of the member 60 ore secured the longitudinal guide strips 81 end guide strips 82. From the roof of the member 60 exlendbrackets 83 with the center guide strips 8 1. on their: opposite faces, "A conveyer is designated in' its entirety by the .letter C and comprisesthe similar members D. Each of the members I) comprises the similar cross Walls 85 and 86 which as; their middle portions ire connected by' the longitudinal walls'S'F. End

} Wells 88 with the hub ends 89 are formed with the similar. cross walls 85 and 86. The

- end walls 88 that are adjacent to each other ed to the links 91.

are riveted together by means of the rivets 90. The Walls of'euch, of the members 1) form the similar conveying compartments D open at their top and bottom sides and between the members D are formed the conveyingcompartments ID open at their top and bottom sides. 111 each of the hub ends 89 is pivoted one end ole link 91 hymeans of the pivots 92. Filling strips 93 are rivet- The saidlinks 91 with the'filling strips 93 and the end \valls'88 constitute members of chains for the conveyor Tn the vcporizirg chamberA' arc-located a pair of oscillating screens 95-an'cl a pair of similar oscillating screens 96. Each screen comprises a practically rectangular frame with the longitudinal members 99, outer cross members 100, 101 nnd'the inner cross members 102. The ndjacentcross members 102 are connected by links 105. Ench. ;"of th. eross member-sis hinged to the member 60, by means of the hinges 10C. The hinges 106 that support the cross members are connected by an angle iron 108, which has A is fastened a supporting angle iron 11? and in the opposite longitudinal Wall are formed a plurality of openings 118. A plurality of box shaped gas heaters to 128 have each its beck end supported on the angle iron 11? and the other end of each'gas heater ertends through one of thebpenings 118. Eech of the heaters hasopenings 129'in its roof, and

at the front end'of each is connecizedsn sir adjuster 130 of a-Bunsen burner. G-iis piping 131 supplies the burners with gnsj The heaters are spaced in the heating chamber 11* so that the spaces between them gradually decrease from the head 70 to the head 69, which heads are respectively at the inlet and outlet ends of the retort Ag. 11. vapor outlet pipe 132 extends up froin'the member 60 of the chamber A A Waste gee outlet conduit 133 cxtends from the U slznped member 66 of the heating chamber A. An air rcgistcrlild is slidebly connected to the bot tom Wall of the member 66 of the heating chamber A The vapor extracting retort B is already stated is the same as A, but is reversed in The shaft 112 iosition to A, so that the inlet of the retort is on the same end of thc retort as the out- "letof the rebortA, and the outlet ofthe retort B is on the same end of the retort as the inlet of the retort A. A feeding and preheatirg hopper has connected thereto the angle irons 141 and 14.2 which letter are connected to the longitudinal angle irons 42 and 43. The wastegas outlet conduit 133 extends to one of the Walls of. the hopper 140 and registerswith the "conduit 145, that extends through the hopper and is opcnnt its end opposite to the conduit A feed ing: cross conveyor E moves over the hopper 140 to feed it fresh powdered shale or other materialoperated upon. A second fee-ding and preheating hopper has connected thereto the angle irons 151, which latter menses at its end opposite to the conduit 152. A feeding cross conveyor F moves over the hopper to feed it with fresh powdered cated below and adjacent to the outlet end of the retort B;

A pair of journal brackets are supported on the longitudinal angle .irons 46 ilshaft 161.

and &7. A shaft 156 is journaled in the brackets 155 and has fastened thereto the four driving sprocket chain wheels 157.

' Journal brackets 160 and 160 extend rcspectively from the vertical angle irons 28 and 21 and have journaled therein the cross The latter has fastened thereto llit's'nr idler sproc et chain wheels 152. A

pair of journal brackets 163 are fastened to the vertical angle irons 24 and 25. A shaft 164 is journaled in the journal brackets 163 and has fastened thereto the four idler sprocket chain wheels 165. A pair of journel brackets 168 are fastened to the vertical angle irons 24 and 25. A shaft 169 is journaled in said brackets 168 and has fastened thereto the four idler sprocket chain wheels 17-0. The chains of the conveyor C contact with the idler sprocket ch'ain wheels 1652 and 170 and are in contact with and driven 2y the driving sprocket chain Wheels 157. he conveyor C moves through both of the retorts A and B upon the respective similar separating plates 71 and 71" thereof, and the chains of the conveyors are maintained in proper operative means of the guite strips 81, 82and 84.

A spur gear is fastened to the shaft 156 adjacent to one end thereof. 'Journal brackets 176 are fhstened to the angle irons 28 and 36. A shaft 177 is journaled in the brackets 176. A pinion 178 is fastened to the shaft 177 and meshes with the spur gear 175. A spur gear 179 is fastened to the shaft 177. A pair of journal brackets 180 extend from the angle irons 35 and 38 and have journaled therein the driving shaft 181. A pinion 182 is fastened to the shaft 181 and meshes with the spur gear 179. An eccentric 183 with the rod 184 has its body portion fastened to the shaft 181. A hell crank with the arms 185 and 186 is fzis1 ".i1c(l to the shaft 112. and the arm 185 is pinned to the eccentric rod 184. The shaft 1.12. similar to l 12. of the retort 13 has fastened thereto the crank 18? and a link 188 has one of its ends pinned to the arm 186 and its other end is pinned to the crank 187. A driving pulley 190 is fastened to the shaft 181.

To use the retorts fresh powdered shale or other material to he treated is fed into the feeding and preheating; hopper 140 by means of the cross conveyor E, and into the feeding and preheating hopper 150 by means of osition in the retorts hythe cross convcyer The driving pulley 190'is next turned by a belt not shown, by means of which the driving sprocket chain wheels 15? are turned through the interposed gcaring. By this means the conveyor C is moved in. the direction of the arrow '1 in and through the retort A and in the direction of the arrow J in and through the retort B. After both the retorts are charged with the fresh powdered shale or othcr material. jets of gas flowing from the openings 129 of the gas heaters 120 to 128 of both retorts A and B, are lit by applying a light through the openings of the air register 134.

The shale in the vaporizing chamber A of the retort it and the vaporizing chamber 13 of the retort B is heated and the vapors generated escape tl'ircugh the vapor outlet pipes 132 and 132* and are conducted-to a condenseror condensers not shown, where the condensihle portions of the vapor are liquefied, producing oil which is the primary object of the invention.

Theconveyer 1) as it moves through the vaporizing chambers A? and B draws the v powdered shalein portions adjacent to each other over the heated separating plates 71 and 71*.

the rear wall of each compartment, and as the skin friction of the particles'in contact with the separating plates 71 and 71 excoeds the friction of the particles with each other, they ris'c -from the bottom 'portion of each compartment at its rear end and from each retort, and the particles of material forming the peaks of the ridges drop into the forward empty portions of the compartments into which they were originally dumped and into the forward portion of the next adjacent compartment to the roar. By this means practically each of the particles of the shale -in the compartments is broiight into contact with the heated separatinc plate 71 and 71", constituting an automatic stir ring of the particles of shale. The screens 95 and 96 receive their oscillations from arms 113. ,The latter are oscillated means of the arm 185 which in turn is es lated by the eccentric rod 184. v The latter receives its oscillations from the eccentric 188 fastened to the driving shaft 181. The

in so doing the material in each; ofthe compartments D and D is pushed by shale that has been heated in the retorts A and B to produce oil, is dumped respectively on the cross conveyors G and H and dis ing heated in the vaporizing chambers A. and B of the retorts, the product of cornsed of. "While the fresh powdered shale is he hustion or" the gas heaters 5120 to 128 of each retort .rlow through the waste gas outlet; conduits E33 and 152 through the feeding and reheating hoppers 1-10 and 150 and 3 there y preheat the shale in said hoppers.

It will he noted that in carrying out; the steps of the process, the powdered or granw lated shale has each of the particles thereof consecutively and continuously heat-ed. The

said heat increases during the flowing and ihi'anslat on of the shale. The products of combustion of the heating agent are used to preheat the shale. The vapors generaced are collected and the condensihle ortions thereof are condensed to produce oilw The residue of the shale is disposed of.

It is to he understood that various changes may be made in ihe irocess withoutdeparting from 'thesplriior the invention and the steps and apparatus described are to be-taken as illustrative and not limitat-ive of the invention. Having described. my invention what I i slesire to SECQIG by Letters Patent and claim is: l. The recess of creating pew d. "ed or granulate shzzle to produce oil, consisting in separating said shale into portions adjacent to each other, translating said portions 5 in one direction and simultaneously subjecting said portions to heat, collecting the vapors generated from the shale and forcing shale from one portion thereof to mix with the next adjacent portion simultaneously with the translation of the portions.

2.-Theprocess of treating powdered or granulated shaleto produce oil consisting .lin preheating said shale, then separating said shale into portions adjacent to each 40 other, translating said portions and subjecting them to heat, causing the particles of shale of each portion to flow upwardly from its -front part to its rear, then forcing a partof the elevated particles downwardly and forwan'lly in each portion and for-oily; another part of each portion to mix with the shale of the next adjacent portion;

3. The proce s of treating powdered 'or granulated shale to produce oil, consisting in preln-zating' the shale, dividing the shale into portions adjacent to each other, "(i-ens; lating said portions in one direction, thereby causing the forward contents of each portion to rise and move to the rear part thereof, forcing a part of the raised pr z of each portion hack to the front end. thereof and forcing another part; of the raised portion to the front end of the next adjacent portion, heating said shale while it' is moving and collecting the vapors generated from the shale. v

4. The process of treating powdered or granulated shale to produce oilconsisting in preheating the shale, dividing the shale into portions adjacent to each other, translah ing' said portions in one direction, thereby causing the forward contents of each portion to rise and move to che rear part thereof, forcing a part of the raised portion of each portion hack to the front end there: of and forcing another part of the raised portion to the front end of, the next adjacent portion, snbjecein'g said snale'to heat; in increasing amounts during the translation thereof and collecting the vapors generated froin the shale.

Signed ea the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York in the coiinty of Kings and State of New York, thisZSd day of Novemher A. D. 1921. I

season A. nnonnns. 

